Innovative Strategies for Maximizing Roth IRA and 401(k) Contributions Before 2025 –

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Understanding New Avenues for Tax-Advantaged Accounts

Exploring less conventional strategies can be key to overcoming common obstacles for those looking to maximize their Roth IRA or Roth 401(k) contributions. These methods are increasingly valuable for those aiming to shift more funds into Roth accounts before the anticipated tax rate hikes in 2025 following the potential expiration of the 2017 tax cuts.

Why Roth Accounts Are Highly Sought After

Roth accounts are highly prized due to their tax-free growth and withdrawals, which can also help mitigate other taxes such as income-based Medicare premiums or the 3.8% surtax on net investment income. However, funding these accounts can be challenging due to the taxes required on contributions, unlike traditional IRAs and 401(k)s which often provide immediate tax deductions.

Overcoming Income Limits for Roth Contributions

High earners face significant hurdles in directly contributing to Roth IRAs. In 2023, single filers earning over $146,000 and married couples earning over $230,000 are ineligible for full Roth IRA contributions. While backdoor Roth contributions are an option, they may not always be advantageous, particularly for those whose savings are predominantly in traditional 401(k) plans without sufficient traditional IRA funds to convert.

Exploring In-Plan 401(k) Conversions

One effective strategy is the in-plan conversion of traditional 401(k) funds to Roth 401(k) funds within the same employer plan. This involves paying taxes on the converted amounts but allows for significant contributions without the usual annual limits. However, this option is only available in plans that permit such conversions, with about 40% of plans at Fidelity offering this feature. It’s crucial to consider the potential tax implications, including possible increases in federal tax brackets, Medicare premiums, and state taxes.

Utilizing In-Service Distributions

In-service distributions enable employees to roll over funds from a traditional 401(k) to a Roth IRA while still employed. Although rollovers to a Roth IRA are taxable, they provide flexibility for those without a Roth 401(k) option. These rollovers are typically permitted for employees aged 59½ or older, with 88% of Vanguard-managed plans allowing in-service withdrawals at this age. Exceptions exist for plans allowing after-tax contributions, which can be rolled into Roth IRAs tax-free at any age.

Leveraging Roth Solo 401(k) Plans for Business Owners

Solo 401(k) plans offer a robust solution for business owners to maximize their retirement savings. For 2023, contributions can reach up to $76,500, with additional contributions possible if a spouse is employed in the business. While providers like Charles Schwab and Fidelity are expanding their offerings to include Roth solo 401(k) plans, current limitations exist on converting traditional assets to Roth within these accounts. Custom solo 401(k) plans that allow for Roth conversions, though costly to set up, can provide a tailored solution.

Consulting with Financial Advisors

Given the complexities and potential tax implications of these strategies, it is essential to consult with a financial advisor or plan administrator.

We can provide personalized advice, ensuring that you maximize your Roth contributions effectively while navigating the tax landscape. For more detailed information on these strategies and how they can be applied to your specific situation, please contact us or call us at 516-482-7777.

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